Gamma rays have a very small
A) energy.
B) frequency.
C) mass.
D) wavelength.
Answer: D
Gamma rays have a very small
A) energy.
B) frequency.
C) mass.
D) wavelength.
Answer: D
A) energy.
B) frequency.
C) mass.
D) wavelength.
Answer: D
Suppose you are listening to a radio station that broadcasts at a frequency of 97 Mhz (megahertz). Which of the following statements is true?
Suppose you are listening to a radio station that broadcasts at a frequency of 97 Mhz (megahertz). Which of the following statements is true?
A) The radio waves from the radio station are causing electrons in your radio's antenna to move up and down 97 million times each second.
B) The radio waves from the radio station have a wavelength of 97 million meters.
C) The "radio waves" received by your radio are not light waves like those we talk about in astronomy, but rather are a special type of sound wave.
D) The radio station broadcasts its signal with a power of 97 million watts.
Answer: A
Which of the following statements is true of green grass?
Which of the following statements is true of green grass?
A) It absorbs red light and emits green light.
B) It absorbs red light and reflects green light.
C) It transmits all colors of light except green.
D) It means the lawn is healthy.
Answer: B
Suppose you have a 100-watt light bulb that you leave turned on for one minute. How much energy does it use?
Suppose you have a 100-watt light bulb that you leave turned on for one minute. How much energy does it use?
A) 6,000 joules
B) 6,000 watts
C) 100 watts
D) 100 joules
Answer: A
You observe a distant galaxy. You find that a spectral line of hydrogen that is shifted from its normal location in the visible part of the spectrum into the infrared part of the spectrum. What can you conclude?
You observe a distant galaxy. You find that a spectral line of hydrogen that is shifted from its normal location in the visible part of the spectrum into the infrared part of the spectrum. What can you conclude?
A) The galaxy is moving away from you.
B) The galaxy is moving towards you.
C) The galaxy has very weak gravity.
D) The galaxy is made purely of hydrogen.
Answer: A
The spectra of most galaxies show redshifts. This means that their spectral lines
The spectra of most galaxies show redshifts. This means that their spectral lines
A) have wavelengths that are longer than normal.
B) always are in the red part of the visible spectrum.
C) have wavelengths that are shorter than normal.
D) have a higher intensity in the red part of the spectrum.
Answer: A
Suppose you want to know the chemical composition of a distant star. Which piece of information is most useful to you?
Suppose you want to know the chemical composition of a distant star. Which piece of information is most useful to you?
A) The peak energy of the star's thermal radiation.
B) The Doppler shift of the star's spectrum.
C) The wavelengths of spectral lines in the star's spectrum.
D) Whether the star's spectrum has more emission lines or more absorption lines.
Answer: C
According to the laws of thermal radiation, hotter objects emit photons with
According to the laws of thermal radiation, hotter objects emit photons with
A) a lower average frequency.
B) a shorter average wavelength.
C) a lower average energy.
D) a higher average speed.
Answer: B
Thermal radiation is defined as
Thermal radiation is defined as
A) radiation with a spectrum whose shape depends only on the temperature of the emitting object.
B) radiation produced by an extremely hot object.
C) radiation that is felt as heat.
D) radiation in the form of emission lines from an object.
Answer: A
Suppose you look at a spectrum of visible light by looking through a prism or diffraction grating. How can you decide whether it is an emission line spectrum or an absorption line spectrum?
Suppose you look at a spectrum of visible light by looking through a prism or diffraction grating. How can you decide whether it is an emission line spectrum or an absorption line spectrum?
A) An emission line spectrum consists of bright lines on a dark background, while an absorption line spectrum consists of dark lines on a rainbow background.
B) An emission line spectrum consists of a long bright line, while an absorption line spectrum consists of a long dark line.
C) The only way to decide is to make a graph of the intensity of the light at every wavelength, and then analyze the graph carefully.
D) The emission line spectrum is produced by electrons jumping up in energy level, while the absorption line spectrum is produced by electrons jumping down in energy level.
Answer: A
A soil is formed in a temperate region where rains are expected in the summer. There is not enough rainfall to cause extensive leaching and a calcic horizon is found. Such a soil would probably be classified in the _________ moisture region.
A soil is formed in a temperate region where rains are expected in the summer. There is not enough rainfall to cause extensive leaching and a calcic horizon is found. Such a soil would probably be classified in the _________ moisture region.
Answer: Ustic
Mollisols most often develop under conditions:
Mollisols most often develop under conditions:
Answer: That allow organic matter to accumulate without strong soil acidification
Consider four soils that are the same age. The deepest soil profile would most likely develop on:
Consider four soils that are the same age. The deepest soil profile would most likely develop on:
Answer: Coarse grained transported sediments
Which soil color indicates good drainage?
Which soil color indicates good drainage?
Answer: Yellow
Till soils are:
Till soils are:
Answer: Composed of particles of many sizes
Over a twenty year period, the bulk of the soil lost by water erosion will result from:
Over a twenty year period, the bulk of the soil lost by water erosion will result from:
Answer: A gradual steady process occurring with each rain
Aquic soils generally have _________________ relative to nearby non-aquic soils.
Aquic soils generally have _________________ relative to nearby non-aquic soils.
Answer: Grayer colors
Colluvial deposits are:
Colluvial deposits are:
Answer: Materials moved by gravity
Which of the soil forming factors most strongly influence the texture and chemical composition of the soil in Iowa?
Which of the soil forming factors most strongly influence the texture and chemical composition of the soil in Iowa?
Answer: Parent material
An Ultisol might have which of the following horizon sequences?
An Ultisol might have which of the following horizon sequences?
Answer: Ochric, argillic
A soil with an A/C profile sequence would be considered a mature soil.
A soil with an A/C profile sequence would be considered a mature soil.
Answer: False
A fluvent belongs to the order
A fluvent belongs to the order
Answer: Entisol
Moraines are landscape features of _______________ parent material.
Moraines are landscape features of _______________ parent material.
Answer: Till
The color of the A horizon of Mollisols normally is:
The color of the A horizon of Mollisols normally is:
Answer: Black
The ______________ horizon is a zone of silicate clay accumulation.
The ______________ horizon is a zone of silicate clay accumulation.
Answer: Argillic
Alluvium toxicity to plants is most likely to be a problem with:
Alluvium toxicity to plants is most likely to be a problem with:
Answer: Ultisols
The solder soil is found at 8,000 feet in a humid microclimate in the white mountains of Arizona. It is shallow to bedrock and contains an ochre epipedon over a basic argillic horizon.
The solder soil is found at 8,000 feet in a humid microclimate in the white mountains of Arizona. It is shallow to bedrock and contains an ochre epipedon over a basic argillic horizon.
Answer: Alfisol
Suppose you took a series of random samples across the surface of each of the following sediments. In which one would you likely find one or more samples with a sandy texture?
Suppose you took a series of random samples across the surface of each of the following sediments. In which one would you likely find one or more samples with a sandy texture?
Answer: Marine
Fertile grassland soils in Iowa that are high in nutrients, that have good drainage and a good moisture supply would most likely be (have) ______________ in the B horizon.
Fertile grassland soils in Iowa that are high in nutrients, that have good drainage and a good moisture supply would most likely be (have) ______________ in the B horizon.
Answer: Brown
Outwash is often a good:
Outwash is often a good:
Answer: Source of gravel
As soils mature from fresh parent material all of the following occur except:
As soils mature from fresh parent material all of the following occur except:
Answer: The pH of the solum increases
Which of the following orders has moderately good physical properties, has an ochric epipedon that is slightly acidic and leached, is basic in the argillic horizon and responds well to lime, fertilizer and good management?
Which of the following orders has moderately good physical properties, has an ochric epipedon that is slightly acidic and leached, is basic in the argillic horizon and responds well to lime, fertilizer and good management?
Answer: Alfisols
Compare a soil in a depression to a well drained soil upslope from the first soil. One would expect the soil in the depression to:
Compare a soil in a depression to a well drained soil upslope from the first soil. One would expect the soil in the depression to:
Answer: Be less leached
If the energy level of a transporting agent changes with distance it will stratify:
If the energy level of a transporting agent changes with distance it will stratify:
Answer: Horizontally
A thin, light colored surface horizon with a high base status and good structure is called a(n) ____________________ epipedon.
A thin, light colored surface horizon with a high base status and good structure is called a(n) ____________________ epipedon.
Answer: Ochric
In most of Southern Iowa, as you walk from the ridge top to the drainage way the most likely sequence of parent material would be:
In most of Southern Iowa, as you walk from the ridge top to the drainage way the most likely sequence of parent material would be:
Answer: Loess-Till-Bedrock
In site lab when a mapping unit was rated as to is suitability for houses with basements a sever shrink-swell problem was noted. In order to evaluate the seriousness of this problem you also need to know the _________ of this mapping unit.
In site lab when a mapping unit was rated as to is suitability for houses with basements a sever shrink-swell problem was noted. In order to evaluate the seriousness of this problem you also need to know the _________ of this mapping unit.
Answer: Drainage class
A soil with an accumulation of iron and aluminum oxides in the clay fraction of the B horizon would be a(n):
A soil with an accumulation of iron and aluminum oxides in the clay fraction of the B horizon would be a(n):
Answer: Oxisol
Trees growing in humid temperate climates generally require __________ grasses growing in the same vicinity.
Trees growing in humid temperate climates generally require __________ grasses growing in the same vicinity.
Answer: Fewer bases than
Loess can be distinguished from alluvium in that loess is ____ while alluvium is ___.
Loess can be distinguished from alluvium in that loess is ____ while alluvium is ___.
Answer: Located in the uplands downwind from the flood plain, found in the flood plain
The horizon sequence of an Alfisol is best described as:
The horizon sequence of an Alfisol is best described as:
Answer: A-E-Bt-C
The color of a BCg horizon is probably ____________ in color.
The color of a BCg horizon is probably ____________ in color.
Answer: Gray
A soil is classified as a Hydric Borofibrist. At the suborder level this soil would be classified as a(n):
A soil is classified as a Hydric Borofibrist. At the suborder level this soil would be classified as a(n):
Answer: Fibrist
A poorly drained soil is likely to:
A poorly drained soil is likely to:
Answer: Have a low rate of leaching
Entisols that have been disturbed or mixed by human activity are called:
Entisols that have been disturbed or mixed by human activity are called:
Answer: Arents
External drainage is related primarily to:
External drainage is related primarily to:
Answer: The shape of the landscape
As soil temperature increases in a udic moisture regime in the United States, which of the following occurs?
As soil temperature increases in a udic moisture regime in the United States, which of the following occurs?
Answer: Solum depths increase
An argillic horizon must be present in all:
An argillic horizon must be present in all:
Answer: Ultisols
One problem with Iowa till soils is that they:
One problem with Iowa till soils is that they:
Answer: Are prone to having a compacted subsoil
Soils develop more slowly if the parent material is:
Soils develop more slowly if the parent material is:
Answer: Cooler
The rainfall index (R) in the Universal Soil Loss Equation is higher when:
The rainfall index (R) in the Universal Soil Loss Equation is higher when:
Answer: The total rainfall is higher, the average rainstorm intensity is higher, the soil is frozen for fewer days per year
Entisol is the name of a(n) ___________ in soil taxonomy.
Entisol is the name of a(n) ___________ in soil taxonomy.
Answer: Order
In site lab, a(n) _____________ slope is the steepest slope on which rotations with row crops and meadow are adequate to control erosion with conventional tillage.
In site lab, a(n) _____________ slope is the steepest slope on which rotations with row crops and meadow are adequate to control erosion with conventional tillage.
Answer: D
Entisols are best characterized by:
Entisols are best characterized by:
Answer: Their lack of a B horizon
As one moves across a loess deposit away from the source, which of the following will most likely increase?
As one moves across a loess deposit away from the source, which of the following will most likely increase?
Answer: Clay content
Without drainage or irrigation, corn production is not possible in the warm season but grazing is usually very good during the rainy cool season. This best describes a(n) ___________ moisture region.
Without drainage or irrigation, corn production is not possible in the warm season but grazing is usually very good during the rainy cool season. This best describes a(n) ___________ moisture region.
Answer: Xeric
An Inceptisol is best described as a soil:
An Inceptisol is best described as a soil:
Answer: With limited development in the B horizon
The texture of volcanic ash soils is usually:
The texture of volcanic ash soils is usually:
Answer: Variable depending on the nature of the ash
The rainfall pattern is fairly uniform. It usually rains every month. This best describes the ________________ moisture regime.
The rainfall pattern is fairly uniform. It usually rains every month. This best describes the ________________ moisture regime.
Answer: Udic
The Mollisol with a uniform distribution of annual rainfall would probably be a(n):
The Mollisol with a uniform distribution of annual rainfall would probably be a(n):
Answer: Udoll
Compare the soils of New York with those of Eastern Nebraska. The soils of New York will more likely:
Compare the soils of New York with those of Eastern Nebraska. The soils of New York will more likely:
Answer: Have an E horizon
The parent material of a soil formed in the flood plain on the Skunk River would be called:
The parent material of a soil formed in the flood plain on the Skunk River would be called:
Answer: Alluvium
Place the following soils in a conceptual weathering sequence. The most weathered is a(n) ___________________.
Place the following soils in a conceptual weathering sequence. The most weathered is a(n) ___________________.
Answer: Oxisol
An Alfisol must have a(n) ______________ horizon.
An Alfisol must have a(n) ______________ horizon.
Answer: Argillic
A ____________ horizon is a zone in which salts of sodium and potassium have accumulated.
A ____________ horizon is a zone in which salts of sodium and potassium have accumulated.
Answer: salic
The subscript o _________.
The subscript o _________.
Answer: suggests a zone with a significant accumulation of oxide clays
A __________ horizon is a zone in which clay has accumulated.
A __________ horizon is a zone in which clay has accumulated.
Answer: B
The subscript _______________ suggests a saturated zone deprived of oxygen.
The subscript _______________ suggests a saturated zone deprived of oxygen.
Answer: g
The subscript __________ suggests a zone with a significant accumulation of silicate clays.
The subscript __________ suggests a zone with a significant accumulation of silicate clays.
Answer: t
The subscript w ______.
The subscript w ______.
Answer: suggests a zone of weak clay accumulation
The subscript ____________ suggests a zone disturbed by human activity.
The subscript ____________ suggests a zone disturbed by human activity.
Answer: p
A _________ horizon is a zone in which salts of calcium and magnesium have accumulated.
A _________ horizon is a zone in which salts of calcium and magnesium have accumulated.
Answer: calcic
The subscript g _______________
The subscript g _______________
Answer: suggests a saturated zone deprived of oxygen
A salic horizon is a zone in which ______________
A salic horizon is a zone in which ______________
Answer: salts of sodium and potassium have accumulated
The subscript t ___________________
The subscript t ___________________
Answer: suggests a zone with a significant accumulation of silicate clays
The A horizon is _____________
The A horizon is _____________
Answer: an eluviated mineral zone enriched with organic matter
A zone of illuviation is called the ________________ horizon.
A zone of illuviation is called the ________________ horizon.
Answer: B
An eluviated mineral zone not enriched with organic matter is called the _______________ horizon.
An eluviated mineral zone not enriched with organic matter is called the _______________ horizon.
Answer: E
The C horizon is ______________
The C horizon is ______________
Answer: an unconsolidated zone with no eluviation or illuviation
The B horizon is ______________
The B horizon is ______________
Answer: a zone of illuviation
An eluviated mineral zone enriched with organic matter is called the _____________ horizon.
An eluviated mineral zone enriched with organic matter is called the _____________ horizon.
Answer: A
An accumulation of organic matter above the regolith is called the ______________ horizon.
An accumulation of organic matter above the regolith is called the ______________ horizon.
Answer: O
Bedrock is called the _______________ horizon.
Bedrock is called the _______________ horizon.
Answer: R
The Oi horizon is ______.
The Oi horizon is ______.
Answer: an organic horizon in which some plant parts are still identifiable
The R horizon is _________________
The R horizon is _________________
Answer: bedrock
A transition zone where properties of the B horizon are stronger than properties of the A horizon
A transition zone where properties of the B horizon are stronger than properties of the A horizon
Answer: BA
The Oa horizon is ________
The Oa horizon is ________
Answer: an organic horizon so decomposed that the source material is no longer identifiable
The E horizon is __________
The E horizon is __________
Answer: an eluviated mineral zone not enriched with organic matter
An unconsolidated zone with no eluviation or illuviation is called the ____________ horizon.
An unconsolidated zone with no eluviation or illuviation is called the ____________ horizon.
Answer: C
The O horizon is ____________
The O horizon is ____________
Answer: an accumulation of organic matter above the regolith
Sodium and potassium move by ___________
Sodium and potassium move by ___________
Answer: leaching
Eluviation is _______
Eluviation is _____________
Answer: the loss of a material from a horizon in the soil
_________ move(s) in solution in the soil.
_________ move(s) in solution in the soil.
Answer: Na, K, Mg, and Ca
The gain of material in a horizon in the soil is called __________
The gain of material in a horizon in the soil is called __________
Answer: illuviation
__________ move(s) in suspension in the soil.
__________ move(s) in suspension in the soil.
Answer: oxide and silicate clays
Calcium and magnesium move by ____________
Calcium and magnesium move by ____________
Answer: leaching
The loss of a material from a horizon in the soil is called ______________
The loss of a material from a horizon in the soil is called ______________
Answer: eluviation
______________ leach(es) from the soil
______________ leach(es) from the soil
Answer: Na, K, Mg, and Ca
Oxide clays move by ______________
Oxide clays move by ______________
Answer: eluviation-illuviation processes
Illuviation is _____________
Illuviation is _____________
Answer: the gain of a material in a horizon in the soil
Silicate clays move by ___________
Silicate clays move by ___________
Answer: eluviation-illuviation processes
Bed is called the ___________ horizon.
Bed is called the ___________ horizon.
Answer: R
The C horizon represents ___________
The C horizon represents ___________
Answer: Unweathered, unconsolidated material
Soils develop _________ in C horizon materials compared to R horizon materials.
Soils develop _________ in C horizon materials compared to R horizon materials.
Answer: deeper and faster
Soils develop ___________ in R horizon materials compared to C horizon materials.
Soils develop ___________ in R horizon materials compared to C horizon materials.
Answer: shallower and slower
Soils develop shallower and slower in the _________ horizon
Soils develop shallower and slower in the _________ horizon
Answer: R
The geologic material in which a soil develops
The geologic material in which a soil develops
Answer: parent material
Soils develop deeper and faster in the ______ horizon
Soils develop deeper and faster in the ______ horizon
Answer: C
Unweathered, unconsolidated material is called the ________ horizon
Unweathered, unconsolidated material is called the ________ horizon
Answer: C
A collection of pedons across the landscape is a ______________.
A collection of pedons across the landscape is a ______________.
Answer: polypedon
A soil has 55% pore space. One would expect plant growth to:
A soil has 55% pore space. One would expect plant growth to:
Answer: be normal
Root growth usually ceases when the percent pore space of a soil gets below ________.
Root growth usually ceases when the percent pore space of a soil gets below ________.
Answer: 30%
A soil has 45 percent pore space. One would expect plant growth to:
A soil has 45 percent pore space. One would expect plant growth to:
Answer: be normal
Within limits, a compacted soil will hold more:
Within limits, a compacted soil will hold more:
Answer: total water
As the percent pore space decreases:
As the percent pore space decreases:
Answer: micropore space increases
Which of the following values is an unlikely value for the bulk density of a soil?
Which of the following values is an unlikely value for the bulk density of a soil?
Answer: 2.0 g/cm3
A soil has 25 percent pore space. One would expect plant growth to:
A soil has 25 percent pore space. One would expect plant growth to:
Answer: cease
Soils with smaller soil particles usually have:
Soils with smaller soil particles usually have:
Answer: more micropore space
Which soil separate has the largest surface area per unit weight?
Which soil separate has the largest surface area per unit weight?
Answer: clay
A soil that forms a good ribbon and also feels smooth
A soil that forms a good ribbon and also feels smooth
Answer: silty clay
A soil that feels rich and not sticky is rich in:
A soil that feels rich and not sticky is rich in:
Answer: silt
A soil that forms a fair ribbon and also feels gritty:
A soil that forms a fair ribbon and also feels gritty:
Answer: sandy clay loam
A soil that feels gritty is rich in:
A soil that feels gritty is rich in:
Answer: sand
A soil that forms no ribbon and neither feels gritty or smooth
A soil that forms no ribbon and neither feels gritty or smooth
Answer: loam
A soil that forms a good ribbon and also feels gritty
A soil that forms a good ribbon and also feels gritty
Answer: sandy clay
A soil that forms a fair ribbon and neither feels gritty or smooth
A soil that forms a fair ribbon and neither feels gritty or smooth
Answer: clay loam
A soil that forms a good ribbon and neither feels gritty or smooth
A soil that forms a good ribbon and neither feels gritty or smooth
Answer: clay
A soil that forms no ribbon and also feels smooth
A soil that forms no ribbon and also feels smooth
Answer: silt loam
A soil that forms a good ribbon:
A soil that forms a good ribbon:
Answer: clay
The space between peds is most important for:
The space between peds is most important for:
Answer: air exchange between the soil and atmosphere
Horizons rich in organic matter are more likely to have _____________ structure
Horizons rich in organic matter are more likely to have _____________ structure
Answer: granular
Horizons rich in illuviated clay are more likely to have _____________ structure
Horizons rich in illuviated clay are more likely to have _____________ structure
Answer: blocky or prismatic
A unit of non-structure in which the bonding between adjacent particles is equal is called:
A unit of non-structure in which the bonding between adjacent particles is equal is called:
Answer: massive
Granular structure is:
Granular structure is:
Answer: spherical
Soil particles have:
Soil particles have:
Answer: both negative and positive surface charges
Organic matter is important in soil structure because:
Organic matter is important in soil structure because:
Answer: it has plus and minus charges
Cation bridges of secondary importance include:
Cation bridges of secondary importance include:
Answer: Al
The arrangement of soil particles in space is called:
The arrangement of soil particles in space is called:
Answer: soil structure
Negative charges on clay particles are primarily on the:
Negative charges on clay particles are primarily on the:
Answer: negative charges are found on all surfaces
Cation bridges of secondary importance include:
Cation bridges of secondary importance include:
Answer: Mg
Organic matter is important in soil structure because:
Organic matter is important in soil structure because:
Answer: it is sticky
One of the most important cation bridging ions is:
One of the most important cation bridging ions is:
Answer: Ca
Positive charges on clay particles are primarily on the :
Positive charges on clay particles are primarily on the :
Answer: edge of the clay plate
One of the most important cation bridging ions is:
One of the most important cation bridging ions is:
Answer: Fe
The unit of soil structure is called a (an):
The unit of soil structure is called a (an):
Answer: aggregate (ped)
Clays, sandy clays, and silty clays are more than ______ % clay.
Clays, sandy clays, and silty clays are more than ______ % clay.
Answer: 40
Most soil nutrients are _________.
Most soil nutrients are _________.
Answer: cations
The surface area of a handful of loam soil is about ____________.
The surface area of a handful of loam soil is about ____________.
Answer: 5-10 acres
The surface area of the soil in an acre-furrow slice of loam soil is about _______ the area of Iowa.
The surface area of the soil in an acre-furrow slice of loam soil is about _______ the area of Iowa.
Answer: 2/3
Loams and clay loams have less than _______ silt.
Loams and clay loams have less than _______ silt.
Answer: 50%
Soils with high clay contents can be fertilized ________ than sandy soils.
Soils with high clay contents can be fertilized ________ than sandy soils.
Answer: less frequently
Most soil nutrients have ________ charges.
Most soil nutrients have ________ charges.
Answer: positive
Sands, sandy loams, and sandy clay loams have more than:
Sands, sandy loams, and sandy clay loams have more than:
Answer: 50% sand
Loams and clay loams have less than _______ clay.
Loams and clay loams have less than _______ clay.
Answer: 40%
Silts, silt loams and silty clay loams have more than ___________
Silts, silt loams and silty clay loams have more than ___________
Answer: 50% silt
Soils with high cation exchange capacities can be fertilized ________ than soils with low cation exchange capacities.
Soils with high cation exchange capacities can be fertilized ________ than soils with low cation exchange capacities.
Answer: less frequently
Loams and clay loams have less than ____________ sand
Loams and clay loams have less than ____________ sand
Answer: 50%
The higher the ______ content of a soil the higher its cation exchange capacity.
The higher the ______ content of a soil the higher its cation exchange capacity.
Answer: clay
The net surface charge of soil clays is:
The net surface charge of soil clays is:
Answer: negative
Soils with a higher cation exchange capacity are_______ likely to lead to contamination of groundwater.
Soils with a higher cation exchange capacity are_______ likely to lead to contamination of groundwater.
Answer: less
It takes _______ times as much energy (calories) to heat water as dry soil
It takes _______ times as much energy (calories) to heat water as dry soil
Answer: 5.0
100 g of dry soil contained 30 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
100 g of dry soil contained 30 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
Answer: 50
As the soil permeability increases, one would expect water erosion to ________.
As the soil permeability increases, one would expect water erosion to ________.
Answer: decrease
100 g of dry soil contained 20 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
100 g of dry soil contained 20 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
Answer: 40
Microbial activity in the soil causes an increase in _______ in the soil air.
Microbial activity in the soil causes an increase in _______ in the soil air.
Answer: CO2
It takes _______ calorie(s) to heat 1 gram of dry soil one degree celsius.
It takes _______ calorie(s) to heat 1 gram of dry soil one degree celsius.
Answer: 0.2
100 g of dry soil contained 15 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
100 g of dry soil contained 15 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
Answer: 35
It takes _______ calorie(s) to heat 1 gram of water one degree centigrade.
It takes _______ calorie(s) to heat 1 gram of water one degree centigrade.
Answer: 1.0
As roots grow in the soil, the soil air becomes enriched with _______
As roots grow in the soil, the soil air becomes enriched with _______
Answer: CO2
In the Spring Soil A contains 30 g of total water and 15 g of available water. Soil B contains 25 g of total water and 15 g of available water. Seeds were planted in each. They will more likely germinate faster in:
In the Spring Soil A contains 30 g of total water and 15 g of available water. Soil B contains 25 g of total water and 15 g of available water. Seeds were planted in each. They will more likely germinate faster in:
Answer: Soil B
Soil air usually contains more _____ relative to the air above the soil.
Soil air usually contains more _____ relative to the air above the soil.
Answer: CO2
100 g of dry soil contained 25 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
100 g of dry soil contained 25 g of water. How many calories would be required to raise the temperature one degree centigrade?
Answer: 45
Water movement would be slowest in a soil with the highest _______.
Water movement would be slowest in a soil with the highest _______.
Answer: micropore space
Aeration is best in a soil rich in _______.
Aeration is best in a soil rich in _______.
Answer: sand
A ________ texture is most desirable for a sewage lagoon.
A ________ texture is most desirable for a sewage lagoon.
Answer: silty clay
Available soil water would be expected to be highest in a soil with a ______ texture.
Available soil water would be expected to be highest in a soil with a ______ texture.
Answer: silt loam
Compare a silt loam and clay loam soil. Which would be expected to contain more total water?
Compare a silt loam and clay loam soil. Which would be expected to contain more total water?
Answer: clay loam
Water movement through the soil is slowest if the soil is high in ______
Water movement through the soil is slowest if the soil is high in ______
Answer: clay
A _________ texture is usually preferred for irrigated crop production.
A _________ texture is usually preferred for irrigated crop production.
Answer: sandy loam
Compare a silt loam and clay loam soil. Which would be expected to contain more available water?
Compare a silt loam and clay loam soil. Which would be expected to contain more available water?
Answer: silt loam
Water movement would be fastest in a soil with the highest _______
Water movement would be fastest in a soil with the highest _______
Answer: macropore space
Total soil water would be expected to be highest in a soil with a ______ texture.
Total soil water would be expected to be highest in a soil with a ______ texture.
Answer: silty clay
Water movement through the soil is fastest if the soil is high in ______________
Water movement through the soil is fastest if the soil is high in ______________
Answer: sand
Clay has a net ______________ charge.
Clay has a net ______________ charge.
Answer: negative
The textural class with the greatest surface area per unit weight is:
The textural class with the greatest surface area per unit weight is:
Answer: sandy clay
Who was mainly involved in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution?
Who was mainly involved in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution?
Answer: India
What are the 3 miracle seeds in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution ?
What are the 3 miracle seeds in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution ?
Answer: Wheat, rice, and corn
What were the two steps in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution ?
What were the two steps in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution ?
Answer: Introduction of higher yield seeds and expand the use of fertilizers
What kind of Biotechnology was in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution ?
What kind of Biotechnology was in the 3rd Agricultural Revolution ?
Answer: GMOS, herbicides and pesticides, machinery, and fertilizer.
When did the 3rd Agricultural Revolution happen?
When did the 3rd Agricultural Revolution happen?
Answer: In the 70s/80s
What was the 3rd Agricultural Revolution known as?
What was the 3rd Agricultural Revolution known as?
Answer: The Green Revolution
In the 2nd Agricultural Revolution what did we move from?
In the 2nd Agricultural Revolution what did we move from?
Answer: Labor intensive to labor extensive
In the 2nd Agricultural Revolution what does mechanization mean?
In the 2nd Agricultural Revolution what does mechanization mean?
Answer: Mass Production
What was going on during the 2nd Agricultural Revolution?
What was going on during the 2nd Agricultural Revolution?
Answer: Industrial Revolution
What lifestyle did we leave in the 1st Agricultural Revolution?
What lifestyle did we leave in the 1st Agricultural Revolution?
Answer: Hunter-gatherer
What allowed us to become 1st time sedentary farmers?
What allowed us to become 1st time sedentary farmers?
Answer: The Ice Age
When was the 1st Agricultural Revolution?
When was the 1st Agricultural Revolution?
Answer: 8,000 BCE or 10,000 years ago
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